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Attention‐deficit‐hyperactivity disorder increases risk of bone fracture: a population‐based cohort study
Author(s) -
Chou IChing,
Lin CheChen,
Sung FungChang,
Kao ChiaHung
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
developmental medicine and child neurology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.658
H-Index - 143
eISSN - 1469-8749
pISSN - 0012-1622
DOI - 10.1111/dmcn.12501
Subject(s) - cohort , medicine , attention deficit hyperactivity disorder , hazard ratio , confidence interval , cohort study , proportional hazards model , confounding , population , pediatrics , incidence (geometry) , demography , psychiatry , environmental health , physics , optics , sociology
Aim Attention‐deficit‐hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) is a disorder that is associated with accidental injuries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between ADHD and bone fracture in children. Method The study cohort comprised 3640 children (2874 males, 766 females; mean age 8y 5mo, SD 3y) with ADHD (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision) who were matched to children without ADHD at a ratio of 1:4 ( n =14 560; 11 496 males, 3064 females; mean age 8y 5mo, SD 3y). A Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was conducted to estimate how ADHD affected the risk of bone fracture. Results The incidence of fracture among the ADHD cohort was 197.67 per 10 000 person‐years, and was 1.3‐fold greater than in the comparison cohort (147.54 per 10 000 person‐years). The risk in children with ADHD was higher than that in children without ADHD (p value for log‐rank test < 0.001). After adjusting for potential confounding factors, the ADHD cohort was 1.32 times more likely to have bone fracture accidents than the comparison cohort (hazard ratio, 1.32; 95% confidence interval 1.17–1.49). Interpretation Children with ADHD have a higher risk of experiencing bone fracture accidents than do children without ADHD .