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Determinants of developmental coordination disorder in 7‐year‐old children: a study of children in the D anish N ational B irth C ohort
Author(s) -
Faebo Larsen Rikke,
Hvas Mortensen Laust,
Martinussen Torben,
Nybo Andersen AnneMarie
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
developmental medicine and child neurology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.658
H-Index - 143
eISSN - 1469-8749
pISSN - 0012-1622
DOI - 10.1111/dmcn.12223
Subject(s) - odds ratio , confidence interval , medicine , gestational age , pregnancy , cohort study , population , logistic regression , small for gestational age , pediatrics , demography , generation r , premature birth , obstetrics , biology , environmental health , genetics , sociology
Aim The aim of this study was to investigate early life determinants of developmental coordination disorder ( DCD ) in 7‐year‐old children. Method The study was based on data from 33 354 women and their children who participated in the 7‐year follow‐up study of the D anish N ational B irth C ohort. Information on several potential determinants (maternal age at conception, maternal occupational status, smoking and alcohol consumption during pregnancy, child's sex, intrauterine growth restriction, degree of preterm birth, and age at walking) was obtained from population registries, from interviews during pregnancy and when the child was 18 months old. The outcome in this study was DCD at 7 years of age, measured by the validated D evelopmental C oordination D isorder Q uestionnaire. The associations between the potential determinants and DCD were estimated using logistic regression. Results The study population consisted of 17 065 males and 16 289 females (141 [0.4%] born very preterm [23 +0 –31 +6 wk]; 1281 [3.8%] born moderately preterm [32 +0 –36 +6 wk]; 29 044 [87.1%] were born term [37 +0 –41 +6 wk], and 2888 [8.7%] were born post‐term [≥42 +0 wk]). Independently of each other, the following determinants were predictors of DCD : being a female (odds ratio [ OR ] 0.36 [95% confidence interval { CI } 0.31–0.41]); being born very preterm ( OR 6.28 [95% CI 3.99–9.89]) or moderately preterm ( OR 2.10 [95% CI 1.65–2.67]); being small for gestational age ( OR 1.74 [95% CI 1.46–2.08]); being 15 months of age or more at walking attainment ( OR 3.05 [95% CI 2.57–3.60]); and maternal occupational status (higher grade professionals ( OR 1.28 [95% CI 1.02–1.61); economically inactive ( OR 1.43 [95% CI 1.07–1.91]). Young maternal age and smoking were risk factors among term‐born children. Interpretation The risk of DCD increases with decreasing gestational age. Intrauterine growth restriction is also a strong risk factor, as well as delayed walking.