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Transdifferentiation of human somatic cells by ribosome
Author(s) -
Ito Naofumi,
Anam Mohammad Badrul,
Ahmad Shah Adil Ishtiyaq,
Ohta Kunimasa
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
development, growth and differentiation
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.864
H-Index - 66
eISSN - 1440-169X
pISSN - 0012-1592
DOI - 10.1111/dgd.12538
Subject(s) - transdifferentiation , ribosome , somatic cell , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , cellular differentiation , translation (biology) , ribosomal protein , rna , stem cell , genetics , messenger rna , gene
Ribosomes are intracellular organelles ubiquitous in all organisms, which translate information from mRNA s to synthesize proteins. They are complex macromolecules composed of dozens of proteins and ribosomal RNA s. Other than translation, some ribosomal proteins also have side‐jobs called “Moonlighting” function. The majority of these moonlighting functions influence cancer progression, early development and differentiation. Recently, we discovered that ribosome is involved in the regulation of cellular transdifferentiation of human dermal fibroblasts ( HDF s). In vitro incorporation of ribosomes into HDF s arrests cell proliferation and induces the formation of cell clusters, that differentiate into three germ layer derived cells upon induction by differentiation mediums. The discovery of ribosome induced transdifferentiation, that is not based on genetic modification, find new possibilities for the treatment of cancer and congenital diseases, as well as to understand early development and cellular lineage differentiation.