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Comprehensive analyses of hox gene expression in Xenopus laevis embryos and adult tissues
Author(s) -
Kondo Mariko,
Yamamoto Takayoshi,
Takahashi Shuji,
Taira Masanori
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
development, growth and differentiation
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.864
H-Index - 66
eISSN - 1440-169X
pISSN - 0012-1592
DOI - 10.1111/dgd.12382
Subject(s) - hox gene , biology , subfunctionalization , xenopus , genetics , gene , embryo , gene expression , clone (java method) , genome , gene family
From whole genome sequencing of an allotetraploid frog, Xenopus laevis , two homeologous sets (L and S) of four Hox clusters A through D (HoxA.L/S, HoxB.L/S, HoxC.L/S, and HoxD.L/S) and 13 paralogous groups ( PG s) with 76 genes were identified, allowing us to carry out the first comprehensive analyses of hox gene expression in vertebrates. Expression of all hox genes during development and in adult tissues was analyzed by RNA ‐sequencing. The expression levels of most hox genes were similar between homeologs, but in some pairs, large differences were observed and several of these were confirmed by RT ‐ PCR and whole mount in situ hybridization experiments. These results indicate that subfunctionalization of hox genes may have occurred since allotetraploidization. Furthermore, comprehensive analysis of hox gene expression during early development did not agree with the hypothesis of temporal collinearity especially in genes belonging to PG 2 to PG 10 .