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Genome editing using artificial site‐specific nucleases in zebrafish
Author(s) -
Hisano Yu,
Ota Satoshi,
Kawahara Atsuo
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
development, growth and differentiation
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.864
H-Index - 66
eISSN - 1440-169X
pISSN - 0012-1592
DOI - 10.1111/dgd.12094
Subject(s) - transcription activator like effector nuclease , zebrafish , crispr , genome editing , biology , genome , zinc finger nuclease , cas9 , genetics , computational biology , gene , gene targeting , effector , forward genetics , gene knockout , model organism , microbiology and biotechnology
Zebrafish is a model vertebrate suitable for genetic analysis. Forward genetic analysis via chemical mutagenesis screening has established a variety of zebrafish mutants that are defective in various types of organogenesis, and the genes responsible for the individual mutants have been identified from genome mapping. On the other hand, reverse genetic analysis via targeted gene disruption using embryonic stem ( ES ) cells (e.g., knockout mouse) can uncover gene functions by investigating the phenotypic effects. However, this approach is mostly limited to mice among the vertebrate models because of the difficulty in establishing ES cells. Recently, new gene targeting technologies, such as the transcription activator‐like effector nucleases ( TALEN ) and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats ( CRISPR )/ C as9 systems, have been developed: that can directly introduce genome modifications at the targeted genomic locus. Here, we summarize these new and powerful genome editing techniques for the study of zebrafish.