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H istory of being in government care associated with younger age at injection initiation among a cohort of street‐involved youth
Author(s) -
Barker Brittany,
Kerr Thomas,
Dong Huiru,
Wood Evan,
DeBeck Kora
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
drug and alcohol review
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.018
H-Index - 74
eISSN - 1465-3362
pISSN - 0959-5236
DOI - 10.1111/dar.12513
Subject(s) - medicine , psychological intervention , odds ratio , cohort , population , welfare , odds , demography , confidence interval , cohort study , logistic regression , health care , government (linguistics) , confounding , gerontology , environmental health , psychiatry , political science , linguistics , philosophy , sociology , law
and Aims Compared to the general population of youth, health‐related disparities experienced by youth exposed to the child welfare system are well documented. Amongst these vulnerabilities are elevated rates of substance use, including injection drug use; however, less is known about when these youth transition to this high‐risk behaviour. We sought to assess whether having a history of government care is associated with initiating injection drug use before age 18. Design and Methods Between September 2005 and May 2014, data were derived from the At‐Risk Youth Study, a cohort of street‐involved youth who use illicit drugs in Vancouver, Canada. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was employed to examine the relationship between early initiation of injection drug use and having a history of being in government care. Results Among the 581 injecting street‐involved youth included, 229 (39%) reported initiating injection drug use before 18 years of age. In multivariable analysis, despite controlling for a range of potential confounders, having a history of government care remained significantly associated with initiating injection drug use before age 18 (adjusted odds ratio = 1.69; 95% confidence interval: 1.15–2.48). Discussion and Conclusions Youth with a history of being in government care were significantly more likely to initiate injection drug use before age 18 than street‐involved youth without a history of being in care. These findings imply that youth in the child welfare system are at higher risk and suggest that interventions are needed to prevent transitions into high‐risk substance use among this population.