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Kappa and lambda immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization in the evaluation of atypical cutaneous lymphoid infiltrates
Author(s) -
Hristov Alexandra C.,
Comfere Nneka I.,
Vidal Claudia I.,
Sundram Uma
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of cutaneous pathology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.597
H-Index - 75
eISSN - 1600-0560
pISSN - 0303-6987
DOI - 10.1111/cup.13858
Subject(s) - pathology , medicine , lymphoma , plasmacytosis , lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma , lymphoid hyperplasia , dermatopathology , chronic lymphocytic leukemia , monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance , follicular lymphoma , pseudolymphoma , mucosa associated lymphoid tissue , malt lymphoma , waldenstrom macroglobulinemia , monoclonal , leukemia , bone marrow , immunology , antibody , monoclonal antibody
Background Atypical cutaneous lymphoid infiltrates are challenging lesions in dermatopathology. We present a summary of the literature regarding kappa and lambda immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH) in the evaluation of atypical cutaneous or mucosal lymphoid infiltrates. Methods Relevant articles from 1967 to 2018 in the English language were identified and summarized. In the absence of larger studies, case series of n ≥ 3 were included. Results Sixty‐three articles assessing kappa and lambda IHC and/or ISH were identified. Most focused on marginal zone lymphomas. Other lymphomas included follicle center lymphoma, diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma, plasmablastic lymphoma, multiple myeloma, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, and polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal protein, skin changes (POEMS). Non‐neoplastic lesions included reactive lymphoid hyperplasia, cutaneous plasmacytosis, connective tissue disease, IgG4‐related disease, acrodermatitis chronic atrophicans, Zoon balanitis, dermatitides, and infiltrates around epithelial dysplasias/neoplasias. Conclusion Kappa and lambda IHC and ISH are useful tools in the evaluation of cutaneous B‐cell lymphomas and plasma cell neoplasms. The literature supports that the detection of light‐chain restriction by IHC and ISH is one of the most useful findings in the differential diagnosis of reactive lymphoid hyperplasia vs B‐cell lymphoma with plasmacytic differentiation.