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Metformin use in the first year after kidney transplant, correlates, and associated outcomes in diabetic transplant recipients: A retrospective analysis of integrated registry and pharmacy claims data
Author(s) -
Vest L. S.,
Koraishy F. M.,
Zhang Z.,
Lam N. N.,
Schnitzler M. A.,
Dharnidharka V. R.,
Axelrod D.,
Naik A. S.,
Alhamad T. A.,
Kasiske B. L.,
Hess G. P.,
Lentine K. L.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
clinical transplantation
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.918
H-Index - 76
eISSN - 1399-0012
pISSN - 0902-0063
DOI - 10.1111/ctr.13302
Subject(s) - metformin , medicine , hazard ratio , diabetes mellitus , retrospective cohort study , proportional hazards model , intensive care medicine , insulin , endocrinology , confidence interval
While guidelines support metformin as a therapeutic option for diabetic patients with mild‐to‐moderate renal insufficiency, the frequency and outcomes of metformin use in kidney transplant recipients are not well described. We integrated national U.S. transplant registry data with records from a large pharmaceutical claims clearinghouse (2008‐2015). Associations (adjusted hazard ratio, 95% LCL aHR 95% UCL ) of diabetes regimens (with and excluding metformin) in the first year post‐transplant with patient and graft survival over the subsequent year were quantified by multivariate Cox regression, adjusted for recipient, donor, and transplant factors and propensity for metformin use. Among 14 144 recipients with pretransplant type 2 diabetes mellitus, 4.7% filled metformin in the first year post‐transplant; most also received diabetes comedications. Compared to those who received insulin‐based regimens without metformin, patients who received metformin were more likely to be female, have higher estimated glomerular filtration rates, and have undergone transplant more recently. Metformin‐based regimens were associated with significantly lower adjusted all‐cause ( aHR 0.18 0.41 0.91 ), malignancy‐related ( aHR 0.45 0.45 0.99 ), and infection‐related ( aHR 0.12 0.32 0.85 ) mortality, and nonsignificant trends toward lower cardiovascular mortality, graft failure, and acute rejection. No evidence of increased adverse graft or patient outcomes was noted. Use of metformin‐based diabetes treatment regimens may be safe in carefully selected kidney transplant recipients.