Early lymphocyte recovery predicts superior outcomes after unmanipulated haploidentical blood and marrow transplant for acute myeloid leukemia

We investigated whether early lymphocyte recovery, after unmanipulated haploidentical blood and marrow transplant ( HBMT ), affected clinical outcomes in 134 patients with acute myeloid leukemia ( AML ). Lymphocyte recovery was based on the absolute lymphocyte count on day 30 ( ALC ‐30). Patients with high ALC ‐30 (≥294 cells/μL) had higher overall survival ( OS ) (77.6% vs 59.7%, P =.020) and higher leukemia‐free survival ( LFS ) (74.6% vs 53.7%, P =.016) than those with low ALC ‐30 values. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that a high ALC ‐30 was associated with improved overall survival ( HR : 0.443, 95% CI : 0.233–0.841; P =.013) and LFS ( HR : 0.499, 95% CI : 0.275–0.906; P =.022). Our results suggest that the ALC ‐30 can predict a superior outcome after unmanipulated HBMT .