Open AccessWhat are the factors affecting the recovery rate of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid?
Author(s) -
Shikano Kohei,
Abe Mitsuhiro,
Shiko Yuki,
Tsushima Kenji,
Yoshioka Keiichiro,
Ishiwata Tsukasa,
Kawasaki Takeshi,
Ikari Jun,
Terada Jiro,
Kawasaki Yohei,
Tatsumi Koichiro
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
the clinical respiratory journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.789
H-Index - 33
eISSN - 1752-699X
pISSN - 1752-6981
DOI - 10.1111/crj.13462
Subject(s) - medicine , bronchoalveolar lavage , bronchus , odds ratio , confidence interval , pulmonary function testing , vital capacity , lung , gastroenterology , surgery , respiratory disease , lung function , diffusing capacity
Background Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is a useful examination for the evaluation of interstitial lung disease. A high BAL fluid (BALF) recovery rate is desirable because low recovery rates lead to inaccurate diagnoses and increased adverse events. Few studies have explored whether BALF recovery rates are influenced by clinical factors. Objectives This study aimed to identify the clinical parameters affecting the recovery rates of BALF and the extent of their effects. Method Data from patients who underwent BAL at the Chiba University Hospital between 2013 and 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. BAL was performed with three aliquots of 50‐ml physiological saline. The potential association of the BALF recovery rate with clinical parameters such as age, sex, smoking status, underlying disease, bronchus used for the procedure and pulmonary function, was analysed. Results Eight hundred twenty‐six patients had undergone BAL. The average recovery rate was 52.4%. Factors affecting BALF recovery rates included male sex (odds ratio [OR]: 0.32, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.20–0.53, p < 0.001); age ≥ 65 years (OR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.33–0.76, p < 0.001); use of the left bronchus (OR: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.30–0.71, p = 0.001) and bronchi other than the middle lobe bronchus or lingula (OR: 0.41, 95% CI: 0.25–0.65, p < 0.001); and forced expiratory volume in 1 s divided by forced vital capacity <80% (OR: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.40–1.00, p < 0.001). Conclusion Sex, age, bronchus used for the procedure and pulmonary function may be useful as pre‐procedural predictors of BALF recovery rates.