Open AccessThe prognostic value of D ‐dimer in lung cancer
Author(s) -
İnal Tuba,
Anar Ceyda,
Polat Gülru,
Ünsal İpek,
Halilçolar Hüseyin
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
the clinical respiratory journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.789
H-Index - 33
eISSN - 1752-699X
pISSN - 1752-6981
DOI - 10.1111/crj.12144
Subject(s) - medicine , lung cancer , partial thromboplastin time , gastroenterology , d dimer , prothrombin time , fibrinolysis , stage (stratigraphy) , white blood cell , cancer , coagulation , metastasis , platelet , oncology , biology , paleontology
Abstract Background and Aim Activation of coagulation and fibrinolysis is frequently encountered among cancer patients. Such tumors are supposed to be associated with higher risk of invasion, metastases and eventually worse outcome. The aim of this study is to explore the prognostic value of blood coagulation tests for lung cancer patients. Methods Between 2009 and 2012, 72 newly diagnosed patients with lung cancer and 40 healthy subjects as control group were included in this prospective study. Patients were staged according to the seventh edition of the tumor, node, metastasis ( TNM ) classification. The treatment responses of patients were evaluated according to the World Health Organization ( WHO ) criteria. We measured plasma D ‐dimer level, activated partial thromboplastin time ( APTT ), prothrombin time ( PT ), international normalized ratio ( INR ), lactate dehhydrogenase ( LDH ), hemoglobin ( Hb ), platelet ( Plt ), white blood cells ( WBC ) count before, during and after chemotherapy . We investigated association of the results with stage and histologic type of the disease, as well as with response to therapy and survival in lung cancer patients. Results The median D ‐dimer, PT and INR levels of the patients with lung cancer were significantly higher than in the control group ( P = 0,000). D ‐dimer, APTT , PT , INR , LDH levels after four cycles of treatment were significantly lower in responders than in nonresponders ( P = 0,000). Plasma D ‐dimer levels were evaluated according to histopathological type and stage of diseases; D ‐dimer level was found significantly higher in metastatic disease ( P < 0,5) and significantly lower in small cell lung cancer ( SCLC ) ( P < 0,05). The mean follow‐up was 574,14 ± 463,48 days. The mean survival was 750 866 ± 74 857 days (95% CI : 604 147 – 897 586). After second and fourth cycles of treatment, the plasma D ‐dimer, APTT , and LDH levels were higher in mortality group than in survival group ( P = 0,000). After four cycles of treatment, the mean survival of the patients with serum D ‐dimer level above and below 1900 ng/mL was found to be significantly different ( P = 0,000). Conclusion The results suggest that determination of D –dimer plasma levels that is an inexpensive, easy and non invasive method may be useful in predicting clinical outcome, survival and treatment response of patients with lung cancer.