
Risk factors for extensively drug‐resistant tuberculosis: a review
Author(s) -
Flor de Lima Bárbara,
Tavares Margarida
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
the clinical respiratory journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.789
H-Index - 33
eISSN - 1752-699X
pISSN - 1752-6981
DOI - 10.1111/crj.12044
Subject(s) - medicine , tuberculosis , extensively drug resistant tuberculosis , coinfection , intensive care medicine , human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , public health , environmental health , family medicine , mycobacterium tuberculosis , pathology
Extensively drug‐resistant tuberculosis ( XDR‐TB ) is emerging as a global public health problem. Its treatment is more expensive and difficult, and the outcomes much severe. The identification of risk factors for XDR‐TB is of paramount importance to design effective TB control strategies. Objective To review published articles on risk factors for XDR‐TB . Methods We identified 249 E nglish articles on P ub M ed, and 182 were excluded by the abstract. The remaining articles were retrieved for full‐text detailed evaluation by authors, and 27 relevant articles were selected for final review. Results Some risk factors were consistently present, mainly previous TB treatment and its length. Other conditions often associated were immigration, alcoholism and HIV coinfection. Pre‐ XDR‐TB points to an increased risk of XDR‐TB . Conclusion The information regarding determinants of XDR‐TB is relatively weak. However, special emphasis should be given to minimize the risks of TB retreatment to prevent the emergence of highly resistant TB .