CASC 2: An emerging tumour‐suppressing long noncoding RNA in human cancers and melanoma

Deregulation of long noncoding RNA s (lnc RNA s) has been implicated in tumourigenesis. Cancer Susceptibility Candidate 2 ( CASC 2) is a lnc RNA downregulated in multiple cancer types, including endometrial, lung, gastric and colorectal cancers. CASC 2 functions as a tumour‐suppressive lnc RNA though multiple mechanisms, such as sequestration of oncogenic micro RNA s and repression of Wnt/β‐catenin signalling. Pertinent to clinical practice, the use of CASC 2 as a prognostic marker has been demonstrated in sporadic studies. These findings suggested that CASC 2 might play an important role in human cancers and melanoma. More efforts are warranted to examine the function role of CASC 2 in other cancer types. Further validation is also needed to promote its development to be a clinically utilizable prognostic biomarker.