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Microcirculation of skeletal muscle adapts differently to a resistive exercise intervention with and without superimposed whole‐body vibrations
Author(s) -
Beijer Åsa,
Degens Hans,
Weber Tobias,
Rosenberger André,
Gehlert Sebastian,
Herrera Frankyn,
KohlBareis Matthias,
Zange Jochen,
Bloch Wilhelm,
Rittweger Jörn
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
clinical physiology and functional imaging
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.608
H-Index - 67
eISSN - 1475-097X
pISSN - 1475-0961
DOI - 10.1111/cpf.12180
Subject(s) - medicine , skeletal muscle , whole body vibration , hyperaemia , microcirculation , vasomotion , vasodilation , endurance training , cardiology , muscle hypertrophy , blood flow , physics , quantum mechanics , vibration
Summary Whole‐body vibration ( WBV ) training is commonly practiced and may enhance peripheral blood flow. Here, we investigated muscle morphology and acute microcirculatory responses before and after a 6‐week resistive exercise training intervention without ( RE ) or with ( RVE ) simultaneous whole‐body vibrations (20 Hz, 6 mm peak‐to‐peak amplitude) in 26 healthy men in a randomized, controlled parallel‐design study. Total haemoglobin (t H b) and tissue oxygenation index ( TOI ) were measured in gastrocnemius muscle ( GM ) with near‐infrared spectroscopy ( NIRS ). Whole‐body oxygen consumption ( VO 2 ) was measured via spirometry, and skeletal muscle morphology was determined in soleus ( SOL ) muscle biopsies. Our data reveal that exercise‐induced muscle deoxygenation both before and after 6 weeks training was similar in RE and RVE ( P = 0·76), although VO 2 was 20% higher in the RVE group ( P <0·001). The RVE group showed a 14%‐point increase in reactive hyperaemia ( P = 0·007) and a 27% increase in blood volume ( P <0·01) in GM after 6 weeks of training. The number of capillaries around fibres was increased by 15% after 6 weeks training in both groups ( P <0·001) with no specific effect of superimposed WBV ( P = 0·61). Neither of the training regimens induced fibre hypertrophy in SOL . The present findings suggest an increased blood volume and vasodilator response in GM as an adaptation to long‐term RVE , which was not observed after RE alone. We conclude that RVE training enhances vasodilation of small arterioles and possibly capillaries. This effect might be advantageous for muscle thermoregulation and the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to exercising muscle and removal of carbon dioxide and metabolites.