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The effects of exercise training on arterial stiffness in coronary artery disease patients: a state‐of‐the‐art review
Author(s) -
Oliveira Norton Luis,
Ribeiro Fernando,
Alves Alberto Jorge,
Campos Lilibeth,
Oliveira José
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
clinical physiology and functional imaging
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.608
H-Index - 67
eISSN - 1475-097X
pISSN - 1475-0961
DOI - 10.1111/cpf.12093
Subject(s) - medicine , arterial stiffness , cardiology , coronary artery disease , anaerobic exercise , pulse wave velocity , exercise prescription , randomized controlled trial , physical therapy , aerobic exercise , heart rate , confounding , myocardial infarction , blood pressure
Summary The purpose of this state‐of‐the‐art review was to examine the effects of exercise training on arterial stiffness ( AS ) in patients with coronary artery disease ( CAD ). A P ub M ed and SCOPUS literature search was conducted up to March of 2013. Two authors performed the selection of the studies and the subsequent data extraction (e.g. information on study design, exercise programme characteristics and outcome measures). Of 34 papers identified, only five studies met the inclusion criteria, with no one being a randomized controlled trial. Within the selected studies, the sample size varied between 28 and 119 patients, with mean ages ranging from 48 to 67 years old in patients with CAD after an acute myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass graft or percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. Although all studies utilized the aerobic exercise mode, the other characteristics of the exercise programmes varied largely between the studies: programme length (from 6 to 20 weeks), exercise duration (15–20 to 50 min) and exercise intensity, which was based on heart rate reserve (40 to 85%) or heart rate at anaerobic threshold or ventilatory threshold. All the three studies evaluating pulse wave velocity, as well as one of two studies that assessed the augmentation index, reported significant reductions on those variables after exercise training. Results indicated that the majority of the AS and related measures improved after the different exercise training programmes. However, these results need to be confirmed in future randomized clinical studies controlling potential confounders.