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Patch test results in terms of the recently recommended allergens in children and adolescents: A retrospective cohort study over 22 years from Turkey
Author(s) -
Yılmaz Zeynep,
Özkaya Esen
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
contact dermatitis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.524
H-Index - 96
eISSN - 1600-0536
pISSN - 0105-1873
DOI - 10.1111/cod.13842
Subject(s) - ammonium persulfate , medicine , patch test , allergy , cohort , retrospective cohort study , dermatology , allergen , pediatrics , surgery , immunology , chemistry , organic chemistry , polymerization , polymer
Background A European pediatric patch test series was suggested recently. Objectives To evaluate the patch test results in children (<10‐years‐old) and adolescents (10‐ to 18‐years‐old) in Turkey, focusing on the clinical/occupational relevance and the diagnostic value of the recently suggested series. Patients and Methods A retrospective cohort study on 317 consecutively patch tested patients ≤18 years of age, between 1996 and 2017. Results The contact sensitization rate was 46.1%. Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) was diagnosed in 30.9%, comprising non‐occupational (84.7%) and occupational (15.3%) ACD. Nickel was the leading allergen in almost every age group. Methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (MCI/MI) was the clinically most relevant allergen, followed by p ‐phenylenediamine (PPD), ammonium persulfate, fragrance mix I, nickel sulfate, and mercury/mercury(II)amidochloride. Occupational ACD was most frequently seen in hairdresser apprentices (adolescents only) who were sensitized with PPD ± ammonium persulfate. ACD from MCI/MI increased to 5‐fold, ammonium persulfate and mercurial compounds to 2‐fold, and PPD to 1.7‐fold after 2007. Almost one third of patients would be missed by testing only with the recommended allergens. Conclusions For patch testing in Turkish children and adolescents, we suggest additionally testing with ammonium persulfate, mercury/mercury(II)amidochloride, toluenesulfonamide formaldehyde resin, and polyethylene glycol, the latter as a marker for nitrofurazone allergy, in appropriate patients.