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Changing trends of contact allergens in Thailand: A 12‐year retrospective study
Author(s) -
Sukakul Thanisorn,
Chaweekulrat Pichanee,
Limphoka Pichaya,
Boonchai Waranya
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
contact dermatitis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.524
H-Index - 96
eISSN - 1600-0536
pISSN - 0105-1873
DOI - 10.1111/cod.13289
Subject(s) - medicine , allergen , patch test , contact dermatitis , paraben , dermatology , allergic contact dermatitis , surgery , allergy , immunology , preservative , food science , chemistry
Background Contact allergen prevalences often change. Continual surveillance is necessary to detect trends in sensitization rates and emerging allergens. Objective To identify the prevalence of, and trends in, the positive reactions to each allergen in the baseline series during a 12‐year period in Thailand. Methods The medical records of 2803 patients who underwent patch testing at the Contact Dermatitis Clinic, Siriraj Hospital, between 2006 and 2018, were retrospectively reviewed. The baseline series used by the clinic was adapted from the European and the International baseline series. The patch testing results were subdivided into 2‐year blocks in order to compare the prevalences of each allergen. Results The prevalences of positive reactions to nickel, fragrance mixes I and II, dichromate, cobalt, carba mix, methyldibromo glutaronitrile, paraben mix, neomycin sulfate, methylisothiazolinone (MI), epoxy resin, N ‐isopropyl‐ N ‐phenyl‐4‐phenylenediamine and the corticosteroids significantly decreased. Methylchloroisothiazolinone (MCI)/MI was the only allergen associated with a significant increase of positive reactions, from 2.4% to 10.7%. However, the proportion of positive reactions to MCI/MI decreased in the final 2‐year period. Conclusions Approximately half of the substances in the screening patch test series showed a decline in the number of positive reactions, whereas MCI/MI showed an increasing prevalence.