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Nickel deposition and penetration into the stratum corneum after short metallic nickel contact: An experimental study
Author(s) -
Ahlström Malin G.,
Midander Klara,
Menné Torkil,
Lidén Carola,
Johansen Jeanne D.,
Julander Anneli,
Thyssen Jacob P.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
contact dermatitis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.524
H-Index - 96
eISSN - 1600-0536
pISSN - 0105-1873
DOI - 10.1111/cod.13136
Subject(s) - nickel , penetration (warfare) , stratum corneum , contact dermatitis , allergic contact dermatitis , nickel allergy , metal , dermatology , medicine , materials science , metallurgy , allergy , immunology , pathology , operations research , engineering
Background Knowledge about the skin deposition and penetration of nickel into the stratum corneum (SC) after short contact with metallic items is limited. Objective To quantify nickel skin deposition and penetration into the SC after short contact with metallic nickel. Methods Sixteen nickel‐allergic participants and 10 controls were exposed to 3 pure nickel discs and 1 aluminium disc on each volar forearm for 3 × 10 minutes. Before exposure, 1 forearm was irritated with 0.5% sodium lauryl sulfate under 24‐hour occlusion. Immediately, as well as 24 and 72 hours after metallic disc exposure, outer SC layers were removed with adhesive tapes and the nickel content was measured. Results Nickel deposition and SC penetration capable of eliciting allergic nickel dermatitis were found immediately and after 24 hours. Significantly higher nickel amounts were found on normal skin and in the SC of nickel‐allergic participants than in controls both immediately and after 24 hours, and on irritated skin immediately after exposure. Conclusions Nickel deposition and SC penetration is considerable after nickel skin exposure of 3 × 10 minutes. Combined with the allergic responses resulting from the same exposures reported previously, this study highlights that short skin exposure to nickel‐releasing items may cause allergic nickel dermatitis.