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Patterns of concomitant allergic reactions in patients suggest cross‐sensitization between octylisothiazolinone and methylisothiazolinone
Author(s) -
AaltoKorte Kristiina,
Suuronen Katri
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
contact dermatitis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.524
H-Index - 96
eISSN - 1600-0536
pISSN - 0105-1873
DOI - 10.1111/cod.12855
Subject(s) - medicine , patch test , concomitant , sensitization , allergy , dermatology , contact allergy , allergic contact dermatitis , patch testing , contact dermatitis , immunology
Summary Background Recent animal tests have indicated cross‐reactivity between methylisothiazolinone ( MI ), octylisothiazolinone ( OIT ), and benzisothiazolinone ( BIT ). Objectives To retrospectively analyse concomitant reactions to different isothiazolinones in patients in an occupational dermatology clinic during the ongoing MI contact allergy epidemic. Methods We searched patch test files ( J anuary 2012 to F ebruary 2017) for patients with allergic reactions to OIT , BIT, and MI , and analysed their patch test results, occupations, exposure, and diagnoses. Results We found 61 (9.4%) allergic reactions to MI , 19 (2.9%) reactions to OIT and 9 (1.4%) reactions to BIT in a total of 647 consecutively tested patients. Seventeen (89%) of the OIT ‐positive patients had concomitant reactions to MI , whereas only 3 (33%) BIT ‐positive patients had allergic reactions to MI . The MI reactions in OIT ‐positive patients were almost exclusively extreme reactions (+++). Exposure to OIT was identified in 26% of the OIT ‐positive patients, and 56% of the BIT ‐positive patients had been exposed to BIT . Conclusions Allergic reactions to OIT were strongly associated with extreme reactions to MI , which suggests cross‐sensitization. In contrast, BIT reactions were mostly independent.