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Air‐oxidized linalool elicits eczema in allergic patients – a repeated open application test study
Author(s) -
Andersch Björkman Ylva,
Hagvall Lina,
Siwmark Charlotte,
Niklasson Bo,
Karlberg AnnTherese,
Bråred Christensson Johanna
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
contact dermatitis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.524
H-Index - 96
eISSN - 1600-0536
pISSN - 0105-1873
DOI - 10.1111/cod.12163
Subject(s) - linalool , allergic contact dermatitis , patch testing , contact allergy , chemistry , terpene , patch test , contact dermatitis , allergy , food science , organic chemistry , medicine , immunology , essential oil
Summary Background Linalool is a commonly used fragrance terpene that forms potent sensitizers upon oxidation. In a recent multicentre study, we found that 7% of 2900 patients showed positive patch test reactions to oxidized linalool at 6.0%. No elicitation studies have been performed. Objective To identify threshold concentrations for elicitation of allergic contact dermatitis caused by oxidized linalool in allergic individuals with repeated exposures. Methods Repeated open application tests were performed in 6 participants previously diagnosed with contact allergy to oxidized linalool. Creams containing 3.0%, 1.0% and 0.30% oxidized linalool (corresponding to 0.56%, 0.19% and 0.056% linalool hydroperoxides, respectively) and ‘fine fragrance’ containing 1.0%, 0.30% and 0.10% oxidized linalool (corresponding to 0.19%, 0.056% and 0.019% linalool hydroperoxides, respectively) were used twice daily for up to 3 weeks. Patch testing with a dilution series of oxidized linalool was performed. Results Five of 6 participants reacted to the cream containing 3% oxidized linalool. With 1% oxidized linalool, a reaction was seen in 3 (cream) and 4 (fine fragrance) participants, respectively. With 0.3% oxidized linalool, 2 (cream) and 1 (fine fragrance) participants reacted. Conclusion Repeated exposure to low concentrations of oxidized linalool can elicit allergic contact dermatitis in previously sensitized individuals.