Open AccessEndogenous Endothelial Progenitor Cells Participate in Neovascularization via CXCR 4/ SDF ‐1 axis and Improve Outcome After Stroke
Author(s) -
Mao Ling,
Huang Ming,
Chen ShengCai,
Li YaNan,
Xia YuanPeng,
He QuanWei,
Wang MengDie,
Huang Yan,
Zheng Long,
Hu Bo
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
cns neuroscience and therapeutics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.403
H-Index - 69
eISSN - 1755-5949
pISSN - 1755-5930
DOI - 10.1111/cns.12238
Subject(s) - neovascularization , progenitor cell , endogeny , laminin , cxcr4 , medicine , evans blue , ischemia , stroke (engine) , cardiology , angiogenesis , stem cell , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , inflammation , extracellular matrix , engineering , mechanical engineering , chemokine
Summary Aim To study whether endogenous endothelial progenitor cells ( EPC s) are involved in neovascularization after stroke. Materials and methods Animal stroke models were established by subjecting male SD rats to permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (p MCAO ). Vessels in ischemic boundary zone ( IBZ ) were stained with antibody against laminin at 1 to 21 days after p MCAO . EPC s and newly formed vessels were identified by staining with special markers. After inhibiting recruitment of EPC s with AMD 3100, a CXCR 4 antagonist, endogenous EPC s, capillary density, cerebral blood flow ( CBF ) in IBZ , and neurobehavioral functions were assessed by staining, FITC ‐dextran, laser‐Doppler perfusion monitor, and neurologic severity score. Results After p MCAO , vessels were found in IBZ at day 3, reaching a peak at day 14. The change in number of laminin‐positive cells showed a similar pattern with that of vessels. Apart from few endothelial cells, most of laminin‐positive cells were endogenous EPC s. After treatment with AMD 3100, the number of endogenous EPC s, capillary density, and CBF in IBZ were significantly reduced, and neurobehavioral functions were worse as compared with the normal saline group. Conclusions Our findings suggested that endogenous EPC s participated in the neovascularization via CXCR 4/ SDF ‐1 axis after p MCAO and mobilizing endogenous EPC s could be a treatment alternative for stroke.