Open AccessBringing down the host: enteropathogenic and enterohaemorrhagic E scherichia coli effector‐mediated subversion of host innate immune pathways
Author(s) -
Santos Andrew S.,
Finlay B. Brett
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
cellular microbiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.542
H-Index - 138
eISSN - 1462-5822
pISSN - 1462-5814
DOI - 10.1111/cmi.12412
Subject(s) - biology , effector , type three secretion system , immune system , innate immune system , microbiology and biotechnology , secretion , enteropathogenic escherichia coli , virulence , host (biology) , immunity , immunology , gene , genetics , biochemistry
Summary Enteric bacterial pathogens commonly use a type III secretion system ( T 3 SS ) to successfully infect intestinal epithelial cells and survive and proliferate in the host. Enteropathogenic and enterohaemorrhagic E scherichia coli ( EPEC ; EHEC ) colonize the human intestinal mucosa, form characteristic histological lesions on the infected epithelium and require the T 3 SS for full virulence. T 3 SS effectors injected into host cells subvert cellular pathways to execute a variety of functions within infected host cells. The EPEC and EHEC effectors that subvert innate immune pathways – specifically those involved in phagocytosis, host cell survival, apoptotic cell death and inflammatory signalling – are all required to cause disease. These processes are reviewed within, with a focus on recent work that has provided insights into the functions and host cell targets of these effectors.