Open AccessThe complex roles of NADPH oxidases in fungal infection
Author(s) -
Hogan Deborah,
Wheeler Robert T.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
cellular microbiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.542
H-Index - 138
eISSN - 1462-5822
pISSN - 1462-5814
DOI - 10.1111/cmi.12320
Subject(s) - nadph oxidase , biology , chronic granulomatous disease , reactive oxygen species , inflammation , context (archaeology) , immunity , inflammasome , immune system , microbiology and biotechnology , extracellular , autophagy , aspergillus , oxidase test , intracellular , immunology , enzyme , biochemistry , apoptosis , paleontology
Summary NADPH oxidases play key roles in immunity and inflammation that go beyond the production of microbicidal reactive oxygen species ( ROS ). The past decade has brought a new appreciation for the diversity of roles played by ROS in signalling associated with inflammation and immunity. NADPH oxidase activity affects disease outcome during infections by human pathogenic fungi, an important group of emerging and opportunistic pathogens that includes C andida , A spergillus and C ryptococcus species. Here we review how alternative roles of NADPH oxidase activity impact fungal infection and how ROS signalling affects fungal physiology. Particular attention is paid to roles for NADPH oxidase in immune migration, immunoregulation in pulmonary infection, neutrophil extracellular trap formation, autophagy and inflammasome activity. These recent advances highlight the power and versatility of spatiotemporally controlled redox regulation in the context of infection, and point to a need to understand the molecular consequences of NADPH oxidase activity in the cell.