Open AccessIntimate host attachment: enteropathogenic and enterohaemorrhagic E scherichia coli
Author(s) -
Lai YuShuan,
Rosenshine Ilan,
Leong John M.,
Frankel Gad
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
cellular microbiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.542
H-Index - 138
eISSN - 1462-5822
pISSN - 1462-5814
DOI - 10.1111/cmi.12179
Subject(s) - biology , intimin , actin , bacterial adhesin , secretion , microbiology and biotechnology , bacterial outer membrane , signal transducing adaptor protein , enteropathogenic escherichia coli , pseudopodia , escherichia coli , signal transduction , enterobacteriaceae , genetics , biochemistry , gene
Summary Enteropathogenic and enterohaemorrhagic E scherichia coli use a novel infection strategy to colonize the gut epithelium, involving translocation of their own receptor, Tir , via a type III secretion system and subsequent formation of attaching and effecting ( A / E ) lesions. Following integration into the host cell plasma membrane of cultured cells, and clustering by the outer membrane adhesin intimin, Tir triggers multiple actin polymerization pathways involving host and bacterial adaptor proteins that converge on the host Arp 2/3 actin nucleator. Although initially thought to be involved in A / E lesion formation, recent data have shown that the known Tir ‐induced actin polymerization pathways are dispensable for this activity, but can play other major roles in colonization efficiency, in vivo fitness and systemic disease. In this review we summarize the roadmap leading from the discovery of Tir , through the different actin polymerization pathways it triggers, to our current understanding of their physiological functions.