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At which bone level are implants explanted?
Author(s) -
Wentorp Fionn,
Jablonowski Lukasz,
Pink Christiane,
Holtfreter Birte,
Kocher Thomas
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
clinical oral implants research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.407
H-Index - 161
eISSN - 1600-0501
pISSN - 0905-7161
DOI - 10.1111/clr.13747
Subject(s) - medicine , dentistry , implant , mandible (arthropod mouthpart) , radiography , maxilla , survival analysis , dental implant , survival rate , surgery , biology , botany , genus
Objectives Clear guidelines when to remove an implant are missing. The aim of this study was to evaluate the amount of peri‐implant bone loss at explantation by specialists. Material and Methods Implantology specialists were asked to provide implants explanted due to peri‐implantitis with related clinical information. Early failures (survival time <12 months) were analyzed separately. Questionnaires inquired age, sex, smoking, implant location, usage of bone substitutes, and implant brand. Explants were measured and bone loss was assessed using radiographs. Covariate‐adjusted mixed‐effects models were evaluated for bone loss and survival time. Results Twelve dental offices provided 192 explants from 161 patients with 99 related radiographs. Thirty‐three (17.2%) explants were early failures. Excluding early failures, average survival time was 9.5 ± 5.8 years with absolute and relative bone loss of 7.0 ± 2.7 mm and 66.2 ± 23.7%, respectively. Late failures were removed at mean bone loss of 57.7% in the maxilla and 73.7% in the mandible irrespective of survival time. In fully adjusted mixed‐effects models, only age at implantation ( B = −0.19; 95% CI: −0.27, −0.10) remained a significant factor for survival time. Implants exhibited significantly more relative bone loss if they were positioned in the mandible ( B = 17.3; 95% CI: 3.91, 30.72) or if they were shorter ( B = −2.79; 95% CI: −5.50, −0.08). Conclusions Though the mean bone loss (66.2%) at which implants were explanted was in accordance with the literature, its wide variation and differentiation between jaws showed that the profession has no universally accepted threshold beyond which an implant cannot be preserved.