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Tissue integration of zirconia and titanium implants with and without buccal dehiscence defects—A histologic and radiographic preclinical study
Author(s) -
Thoma Daniel S.,
Lim HyunChang,
Paeng KyeongWon,
Jung UiWon,
Hämmerle Christoph H. F.,
Jung Ronald E.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
clinical oral implants research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.407
H-Index - 161
eISSN - 1600-0501
pISSN - 0905-7161
DOI - 10.1111/clr.13451
Subject(s) - implant , dehiscence , buccal administration , dentistry , medicine , mandible (arthropod mouthpart) , titanium , radiography , cubic zirconia , materials science , surgery , biology , ceramic , botany , metallurgy , composite material , genus
Objective To histologically and radiographically evaluate soft (primary outcome) and hard tissue integration of two‐piece titanium and zirconia dental implants with/without buccal dehiscence defects. Materials & methods In six dogs, five implants were randomly placed on both sides of the mandible: (a) Z1: a zirconia implant (modified surface) within the bony housing, (b) Z2: a zirconia implant (standard surface) within the bony housing, (c) T: a titanium implant within the bony housing, (d) Z1_D: a Z1 implant placed with a buccal bone dehiscence (3 mm in height, identical width to implant body), and (e) T_D: a titanium implant placed with a buccal bone dehiscence. Two weeks of healing and 6 months of loading were applied on each hemi‐mandible, respectively. Results The median level of the margo mucosae shifted more apically over time in all groups (borderline statistical significance in groups Z1_D: −0.52 mm and T_D: −1.26 mm). The median height of the peri‐implant mucosa in groups Z1_D and T_D was greatest at 2 weeks and 6 months, but the linear change in the peri‐implant mucosa was statistically significant only for group T_D over time (−1.45 mm). Z1 demonstrated a higher bone‐to‐implant contact compared to Z2 and T. Minimal change of radiographic marginal bone levels in all groups was observed (<1 mm). Conclusion When buccal dehiscence was presented, titanium implants presented significant loss of peri‐implant mucosal height compared to zirconia implants with a modified surface, due to greater apical shift of the margo mucosae. A modified zirconia surface enhanced osseointegration.