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Clinical and radiographic outcomes of a surgical reconstructive approach in the treatment of peri‐implantitis lesions: A 5‐year prospective case series
Author(s) -
La Monaca Gerardo,
Pranno Nicola,
Annibali Susanna,
Cristalli Maria Paola,
Polimeni Antonella
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
clinical oral implants research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.407
H-Index - 161
eISSN - 1600-0501
pISSN - 0905-7161
DOI - 10.1111/clr.13369
Subject(s) - medicine , peri implantitis , bleeding on probing , dentistry , radiography , implant , debridement (dental) , surgery , prospective cohort study , periodontitis
Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the 5‐year clinical and radiographic outcomes following reconstructive therapy of peri‐implantitis lesions using mineralized dehydrated bone allograft and resorbable membrane in the nonsubmerged mode of wound healing. Materials and methods Thirty‐four patients with at least one implant diagnosed with peri‐implantitis were treated by mechanical debridement; chemical decontamination using hydrogen peroxide (3%), chlorhexidine (0.2%), and a tetracycline hydrochloride solution; and bone defect filling with mineralized dehydrated bone allograft and resorbable membrane. Clinical and radiographic assessments were obtained during 5‐year follow‐up. The primary outcome was the absence of additional marginal peri‐implant bone loss ≥1.0 mm after surgery, and the composite outcome included the additional marginal peri‐implant bone loss, absence of probing depth ( PD ) ≥5 mm, and absence of bleeding on probing (BoP)/suppuration. Results According to the primary and composite outcomes, the success rate of 34 implants included in the study was 100% and 91% ( N = 31), at 1 year after surgery, and decreased progressively to 77% ( N = 26) and to 59% ( N = 20) at 5‐year follow‐up, respectively. Five years following treatment, only the BoP reduction was statistically significant compared to baseline ( p < 0.001), and no difference was found in PD ( p = 0.318) and in marginal peri‐implant bone level ( p = 0.064). Conclusions At 1‐year follow‐up, the surgical reconstructive therapy showed clinical improvement and radiographic defect filling. However, the results appeared to be unpredictable over time, due to a progressive decrease in the bone filling of the peri‐implant defects and an increase in the mean PD .