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The effect of alendronate soaking and ultraviolet treatment on bone–implant interface
Author(s) -
Kim Hyung Soo,
Lee Jae In,
Yang Sun Sik,
Kim Beom Su,
Kim Bong Chul,
Lee Jun
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
clinical oral implants research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.407
H-Index - 161
eISSN - 1600-0501
pISSN - 0905-7161
DOI - 10.1111/clr.12933
Subject(s) - implant , titanium , osteoblast , osseointegration , alkaline phosphatase , materials science , dentistry , in vivo , chemistry , biomedical engineering , ultraviolet , in vitro , surgery , medicine , metallurgy , biology , biochemistry , microbiology and biotechnology , enzyme , optoelectronics
Objective Rapid and stable fixation of dental implants is crucial for successful treatment. Herein, we examined whether the simultaneous treatment of titanium implants with ultraviolet ( UV ) and alendronate ( ALN ) synergistically improved the bone‐to‐implant contact. Materials and methods We assessed the in vitro effects of UV radiation‐treated ( UV +/ ALN −), ALN ‐soaked ( UV −/ ALN +), and UV radiation/ ALN ‐treated ( UV +/ ALN +) titanium implants on cell proliferation, cytotoxicity, cell adhesion, and osteoblast differentiation using MG ‐63 osteoblast‐like cells by the assays of MTS , live/dead, scanning electron microscopy ( SEM ), alkaline phosphatase ( ALP ) activity, and alizarin red S ( AR ‐S) staining, respectively. Furthermore, in vivo bone formation at the bone–implant interface efficiency determined using a rabbit tibia implantation. Implants were divided into 3 experimental groups ( UV +/ ALN −, UV −/ ALN +, UV +/ ALN +) and the non‐treated control ( UV −/ ALN −) group and transplanted into the proximal tibia of rabbits. At 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks post‐operation, bone formation at the bone–implant interface was evaluated by micro‐computed tomography and histological analysis. Results MG ‐63 cells cultured on UV +/ ALN + implants showed significantly higher cell proliferation, ALP activity, and calcium mineralization than those cultured on other implants ( P  <   0.05). Furthermore, SEM observation showed the highest increase in cell attachment and growth on the UV +/ ALN + implants. In vivo , experimental groups at all time points showed greater peri‐implant bone formation than the control group. At 8 weeks post‐implantation, in the UV +/ ALN + group, significantly higher bone formation was observed than the UV +/ ALN − or UV −/ ALN + group, respectively ( P  <   0.05). Conclusions Treatment of titanium surfaces with UV and ALN may synergistically enhance osteoblastic differentiation and mineralization in vitro and enhance bone formation at the bone–implant interface in vivo . These data suggest that UV and ALN treatment may improve the osseointegration of titanium implants.

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