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The antibiotic of choice determined by antibiogram in maxillary sinus elevation surgery: a clinical study
Author(s) -
Carreño Carreño Javier,
GómezMoreno Gerardo,
AguilarSalvatierra Antonio,
Martínez Corriá Ramón,
Menéndez LópezMateos María Luisa,
MenéndezNúñez Mario
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
clinical oral implants research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.407
H-Index - 161
eISSN - 1600-0501
pISSN - 0905-7161
DOI - 10.1111/clr.12835
Subject(s) - ciprofloxacin , ampicillin , amoxicillin , fosfomycin , antibiotics , medicine , cephalosporin , penicillin , microbiology and biotechnology , biology
Objectives This study set out to make antibiograms of positive bacteria cultures in samples collected when performing maxillary sinus elevations to determine a specific and effective antibiotic in each case. Material and methods A total of 174 patients (90 women and 84 men) with a mean age of 55.92 years underwent 227 sinus elevations. As the membrane was lifted, a sample was collected from the maxillary sinus floor with a cotton swab and placed on a blood agar and chocolate agar culture to incubate for 48 h at 37°; the samples then underwent microbiological analysis. Antibiograms were made for each positive culture to identify the most sensitive antibiotic, which were regrouped according to their mechanism of action as: beta‐lactam (penicillins), beta‐lactam (cephalosporins), macrolides, quinolones, fosfomycin, aminoglycosides, or trimethoprim‐sulfamethoxazole. Results Of 227 cultures, 18.1% were bacteria‐positive. Of the germs, 45% were of the Streptococcus genus, most of which belonged to the Streptococcus viridans group (61.1%). The germs studied showed greater resistance to macrolides and greater sensitivity to penicillins, cephalosporins, and ciprofloxacin. The antibiotics that showed the greatest efficacy were as follows: ampicillin, amoxicillin–clavulanate, and ciprofloxacin. Conclusions On the basis of antibiograms of positive cultures, the antibiotics presenting the greatest efficacy against possible complications were as follows: ampicillin, amoxicillin–clavulanate, and ciprofloxacin. Clinically, the antibiograms proved useful as they allowed the prescription of specific antibiotics to resolve possible postoperative sinus infections.