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Comparison of pro‐inflammatory cytokines and bone metabolism mediators around titanium and zirconia dental implant abutments following a minimum of 6 months of clinical function
Author(s) -
Barwacz Christopher A.,
Brogden Kim A.,
Stanford Clark M.,
Dawson Deborah V.,
Recker Erica N.,
Blanchette Derek
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
clinical oral implants research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.407
H-Index - 161
eISSN - 1600-0501
pISSN - 0905-7161
DOI - 10.1111/clr.12326
Subject(s) - implant , bone remodeling , dentistry , medicine , mediator , proinflammatory cytokine , cytokine , dental implant , osseointegration , cubic zirconia , titanium , materials science , inflammation , surgery , metallurgy , ceramic , composite material
Objectives Dental implant abutments are fundamental prosthetic components within dentistry that require optimal biocompatibility. The primary aim of this cross‐sectional study was to preliminarily assess differences in the pro‐inflammatory cytokine and bone metabolism mediator protein expression in the peri‐implant crevicular fluid ( PICF ) adjacent to transmucosal abutments. Material and Methods Abutments were fabricated from either titanium or zirconia in patients previously receiving single‐tooth implant therapy. All subjects sampled in this study had an identical implant system and implant–abutment connection. Participants ( n = 46) had an average time of clinical function for 22 months (6.2–72.8 months, ±SD 17 months) and received a clinical and radiographic examination of the implant site at the time of PICF sampling using a paper strip‐based sampling technique. Cytokine, chemokine, and bone metabolism mediator quantities (picograms/30 s) were determined using a commercial 22‐multiplexed fluorescent bead‐based immunoassay instrument. A total of 19 pro‐inflammatory cytokines and seven bone metabolism mediators were evaluated. Results Multivariable analyses provided no evidence of a group (titanium or zirconia), gender, or age effect with regard to the expression of pro‐inflammatory mediators evaluated. Significant ( P = 0.022) differences were observed for the bone mediator leptin, with titanium abutments demonstrating significantly elevated levels in comparison with zirconia. Osteopontin demonstrated a significant ( P = 0.0044) correlation with age of the subjects. Conclusions No significant differences in pro‐inflammatory cytokine or bone metabolism mediator profiles were observed biochemically, with the exception of leptin, for the abutment biomaterials of titanium or zirconia The molecular PICF findings support the observed clinical biocompatibility of both titanium and zirconia abutments.