A randomized controlled clinical trial to evaluate a new xenograft for alveolar socket preservation

Objective The aim of this clinical trial was to compare the effect of B io‐ O ss ® and a new bovine xenograft ( O sseus ® ) in alveolar sockets after a 24‐week healing period. Materials and methods A total of 20 adult volunteers ages 30–60 were subjected to single tooth extraction. A tooth extraction was performed at the baseline. All sites were randomly allocated to two test groups ( TG 1: grafted using a new bovine xenograft, O sseus ® , and TG 2: grafted using commercially available bovine xenograft‐ B io‐ O ss ® ). Six months later, a sample of the grafted area was obtained and implants were inserted in the same site. Histological sections were examined focusing on the presence of fibrous connective tissue ( CT ), and newly formed bone in direct contact with the graft. The HE ‐stained sections were subjected to histomorphometrical evaluation using I mage P ro‐ P lus ® software (Release 7.0). The definitive crown was placed 3 months later. Results Upon completion of the study, no patients were removed from the study and all inserted implants (10 in each group) were eventually integrated. After 6 months, in the TG 1, the mean value of new bone formation was 33.7 (±7.1), for CT was 32.3 (±8.9) and for the remaining biomaterial was 10.7 (±16.2). In the TG 2, the mean value of new bone formation was 19.3 (±22.6), of the CT was 49.9 (±14.1) and of the remaining biomaterial was 22.6 (±7.9). Conclusions No statistically significant difference was observed between TG 1 and TG 2 after 6 months ( P  > 0.05), and both biomaterials afforded a more favorable implant position.