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Accuracy of preemptively constructed, C one B eam CT ‐, and CAD / CAM technology‐based, individual R oot A nalogue I mplant technique: A n in vitro pilot investigation
Author(s) -
Moin David Anssari,
Hassan Bassam,
Parsa Azin,
Mercelis Peter,
Wismeijer Daniel
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
clinical oral implants research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.407
H-Index - 161
eISSN - 1600-0501
pISSN - 0905-7161
DOI - 10.1111/clr.12104
Subject(s) - cad , cone beam computed tomography , biomedical engineering , materials science , computed tomography , computer science , engineering drawing , engineering , medicine , radiology
Objectives The aim of this in vitro pilot investigation is to assess the accuracy of the preemptive individually fabricated root analogue implant ( RAI ) based on three‐dimensional (3 D ) root surface models obtained from a cone beam computed tomography ( CBCT ) scan, computer‐aided designing ( CAD ), and computer‐aided manufacturing ( CAM ) technology and to measure the discrepancy in congruence with the alveolar socket subsequent to placement of the RAI . Materials and methods Eleven single‐rooted teeth from nine human cadaver mandibles were scanned with the 3 D Accuitomo 170 CBCT system. The 3 D surface reconstructions of the teeth acquired from the CBCT scans were used as input for fabrication of the RAI s in titanium using rapid manufacturing technology. The teeth were then carefully extracted. The teeth and RAI s were consequently optically scanned. The mandibles with the empty extraction sockets were scanned with CBCT using identical settings to the first scan. Finally, the preemptively made RAI s were implanted into their respective sockets, and the mandibles were again scanned with CBCT using the same scan settings as previous scans. All 3 D surface reconstructions ( CBCT 3 D surface models and optical scan 3 D models) were saved for further analysis. 3 D models of original teeth and optical scans of the RAI s were superimposed onto each other; differences were quantified as root mean square ( RMS ) and H ausdorff surface distance. To obtain an estimate of the fit (congruence) of the RAI s in their respective sockets, the volumetric data sets of the sockets were compared with those of the root part of RAI s congruent with the sockets. Results Superimposed surfaces of the RAI s and the original tooth reveal discrepancy for RMS , volumetric geometry, and surface area varying from 0.08 mm to 0.35 mm, 0.1% to 7.9%, and 1.1% to 3.8%, respectively. Comparing volume differences of the alveolus with the socket corresponding part of the RAI resulted in every case the volume of the socket being greater than the root part of the RAI ranging from 0.6% to 5.9% volume difference. Conclusion The preemptive CAD / CAM ‐based RAI technique might offer promising features for immediate implant placement. However, due to the lack of prospective clinical data, further research is needed to fine‐tune and evaluate this technique.