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Influence of crown‐to‐implant ratio and different prosthetic designs on the clinical conditions of short implants in posterior regions: A 4‐year retrospective clinical and radiographic study
Author(s) -
Tang Yiman,
Yu Huajie,
Wang Juan,
Gao Ming,
Qiu Lixin
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
clinical implant dentistry and related research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.338
H-Index - 85
eISSN - 1708-8208
pISSN - 1523-0899
DOI - 10.1111/cid.12881
Subject(s) - medicine , implant , dentistry , crown (dentistry) , radiography , prosthesis , survival rate , retrospective cohort study , orthodontics , surgery
Background Short implants (intra‐bony length ≤ 8 mm) are generally considered as an alternative to bone augmentation in challenging situations; however, clinical evidence from large‐scale studies with long follow‐up regarding the application of short implants remains deficient. Purpose The present study aimed to assess the mid‐term clinical outcomes of short implants supporting fixed prostheses in the posterior region, and to investigate the effects of the crown‐to‐implant ratio (C/I), and other patient‐, implant‐, prosthesis‐relevant factors on the clinical conditions around short implants. Materials and methods 180 Thommen short implants in 130 partially edentulous patients were enrolled in the study after 3 to 7 (mean 4.2) years of follow‐up. Potential risk factors (patient sex and age, implant diameter and location, splinted vs single‐tooth restorations, retention mode, anatomical and clinical C/I ratios) were evaluated according to the following outcomes: Implant survival, marginal bone loss (MBL), and mechanical and biological complications. Results In total, four implants in four patients failed as a result of peri‐implantitis. The cumulative survival rate was 97.8% for implant‐based analysis. The peri‐implant MBL around 180 short implants was 0.90 ± 0.78 mm. The mean clinical C/I ratio was 1.16 ± 0.36. Correlation analysis revealed that the influence of the clinical C/I ratio and patient age were significant for MBL ( P < .05), whereas other potential risk factors showed no significant association with the outcome. Among 180 short implants, 24 cases (13.3%) had biological complications and 32 cases (17.8%) had mechanical complications, respectively. Peri‐implant MBL and complication rates around splinted and non‐splinted implants were not statistically different. Conclusion Within the limitations of this study, short implants supporting fixed prostheses in the posterior region achieved predictable clinical outcomes over a 3 to 7 year period. Within the range of 0.47 to 3.01, the higher the C/I ratio, the less the peri‐implant MBL.