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Use of transforming growth factor‐β loaded onto β‐tricalcium phosphate scaffold in a bone regeneration rat calvaria model
Author(s) -
Elimelech Rina,
Khoury Nizar,
Tamari Tal,
Blumenfeld Israel,
Gutmacher Zvi,
ZigdonGiladi Hadar
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
clinical implant dentistry and related research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.338
H-Index - 85
eISSN - 1708-8208
pISSN - 1523-0899
DOI - 10.1111/cid.12775
Subject(s) - calvaria , mesenchymal stem cell , in vivo , chemistry , scaffold , regeneration (biology) , transplantation , growth factor , angiogenesis , transforming growth factor , microbiology and biotechnology , biomedical engineering , in vitro , materials science , medicine , biology , receptor , biochemistry
Background Transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β 1 ) enhances mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation into osteoblasts. Purpose The aim of the study was to assess whether TGF‐β 1 loaded onto β‐tricalcium phosphate (β‐TCP) synthetic scaffold enhances bone regeneration in a rat calvaria model. The release kinetics of TGF‐β 1 from β‐TCP scaffold was evaluated in vitro. Materials and Methods TGF‐β 1 in various concentrations (1‐40 ng/mL) was loaded onto the β‐TCP scaffold, and release kinetics was monitored by ELISA. The effect of TGF‐β 1 on the proliferation of MSCs was assessed using AlamarBlue, and MSC differentiation was evaluated by Alizarin Red quantification assay.Bone augmentation following transplantation of TGF‐β 1 loaded onto β‐TCP in a rat calvaria model was evaluated in vivo. Results Greater TGF‐β 1 release from the 40 ng/mL concentration was found. A suppressive effect of TGF‐β on the MSCs proliferation was observed with maximum inhibition obtained with 40 ng/mL compared to the control group ( P = .028). A positive effect on MSCs osteogenic differentiation was found.Bone height and bone area fraction in vivo were similar with or without TGF‐β 1 ; however, blood vessel density and degradation of the scaffold were significantly higher in the TGF‐β 1 group. Conclusion TGF‐β 1 adsorbed to β‐TCP stimulated angiogenesis and scaffold degradation that may enhance bone formation.