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Sinus floor elevation using particulate PLGA‐coated biphasic calcium phosphate bone graft substitutes: A prospective histological and radiological study
Author(s) -
FlichyFernández Antonio J.,
BlayaTárraga Juan A.,
O'Valle Francisco,
PadialMolina Miguel,
PeñarrochaDiago Miguel,
GalindoMoreno Pablo
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
clinical implant dentistry and related research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.338
H-Index - 85
eISSN - 1708-8208
pISSN - 1523-0899
DOI - 10.1111/cid.12741
Subject(s) - plga , calcium , implant , sinus (botany) , biomedical engineering , medicine , maxillary sinus , pathology , materials science , dentistry , nuclear medicine , chemistry , surgery , in vitro , biology , biochemistry , botany , genus
Background Poly (lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA) is widely used for the development of delivery systems for drugs and therapeutic biomolecules in tissue engineering applications. Particles of biphasic calcium phosphate can be covered by PLGA to change their manipulating characteristics. Purpose Aim of this study was to investigate the radiological and histomorphometric results of the use of PLGA‐coated biphasic calcium phosphate granules in sinus floor elevation and to analyze the underlying molecular processes by immunohistochemical staining. Materials and Methods A randomized clinical study was designed to include patients in need of sinus floor elevation. Patients were assigned to receive either PLGA‐coated biphasic calcium phosphate particles (group I) or the equivalent but noncoated particles (group II). Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were performed before and 6 months after the procedure to assess the bone height gain. At the time of implant placement, bone core biopsies were obtained at the site of implant placement. Histological sections were subjected to histomorphometric and immunohistochemical evaluation of differentiation markers (Musashi‐1 [MSI1]). Results No statistically significant differences were observed between groups for the radiologic parameters. No differences were observed histologically or histomorphometrically. However, PLGA‐coated particles (group I) were more colonized by MSI1‐positive osteoblast precursors ( P = 0.0001, chi‐squared test) and were penetrated by more CD34‐positive vascular structures ( P = 0.001, chi‐squared test) than noncoated particles (group II). Conclusions PLGA‐coated particles are associated with more MSI11‐positive cells and more extensive microvascularization than noncoated particles.