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Rational design and in vitro characterization of novel dental implant and abutment surfaces for balancing clinical and biological needs
Author(s) -
Milleret Vincent,
Lienemann Philipp S.,
Gasser Angelines,
Bauer Sebastian,
Ehrbar Martin,
Wennerberg Ann
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
clinical implant dentistry and related research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.338
H-Index - 85
eISSN - 1708-8208
pISSN - 1523-0899
DOI - 10.1111/cid.12736
Subject(s) - materials science , osseointegration , abutment , anodizing , implant , dental implant , surface roughness , biomedical engineering , dentistry , nanotechnology , composite material , medicine , surgery , engineering , aluminium , civil engineering
Background Long‐term success and patient satisfaction of dental implant systems can only be achieved by fulfilling clinical as well as biological needs related to maintenance, aesthetics, soft tissue sealing, and osseointegration, among others. Surface properties largely contribute to the biological and clinical performance of implants and abutments. Purpose To decipher the clinical and biological needs in implant dentistry. To address identified needs, next‐generation dental implant and abutment surfaces are designed and characterized in vitro. Materials and Methods Novel implant and abutment surface designs were produced and characterized using surface chemical analysis, surface topography analysis, scanning electron microscopy, contact‐angle measurements, and cell‐culture experiments. Results The novel anodized implant surface was gradually anodized, increasing the surface roughness, surface enlargement, and oxide‐layer thickness from platform to apex. The surface was phosphorus enriched, nonporous, and nanostructured at the collar, and showed micropores elsewhere. The novel anodized abutment surface was smooth, nanostructured, nonporous, and yellow. Pristine surfaces with high density of hydroxyl‐groups were protected during storage using a removable cell‐friendly layer that allowed dry packaging. Conclusions A novel anodized implant system was developed with surface chemistry, topography, nanostructure, color, and surface energy designed to balance the clinical and biological needs at every tissue level.