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Four‐Millimeter‐Long Posterior‐Mandible Implants: 5‐Year Outcomes of a Prospective Multicenter Study
Author(s) -
Slotte Christer,
Grønningsaeter Arne,
Halmøy AnneMarie,
Öhrnell LarsOlof,
Mordenfeld Arne,
Isaksson Sten,
Johansson LarsÅke
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
clinical implant dentistry and related research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.338
H-Index - 85
eISSN - 1708-8208
pISSN - 1523-0899
DOI - 10.1111/cid.12252
Subject(s) - medicine , dentistry , osseointegration , dental alveolus , implant , crown (dentistry) , bleeding on probing , mandible (arthropod mouthpart) , prospective cohort study , bridge (graph theory) , surgery , periodontitis , botany , biology , genus
Background There is lack of evidence on long‐term success of short dental implants in reduced alveolar bone. Purpose In this prospective 5‐year study, survival and marginal bone loss of 4‐mm implants, which supported fixed dental prostheses ( FDP s) in severely resorbed posterior mandibles, were evaluated. Material and Methods In 28 patients, evaluation of 86 osseointegrated 4‐mm‐long implants, which supported a 3‐ or a 4‐unit FDP by crown splinting without the use of pontics or cantilevers, was performed over a 5‐year period. Results Three subjects dropped out for non‐study reasons: one subject had her three implants removed after 1 year and two subjects died (six implants). Five implants in three subjects were lost between 3 and 5 years. Twenty‐four subjects and 71 implants were active at the 5‐year follow‐up (92.2% survival). After 1 year, significant ( p < .001) mean (standard error of the mean [ SEM ]) 0.44‐mm (0.05) marginal bone loss occurred. At 2, 3, and 5 years, mean ( SEM ) bone loss of 0.57 mm (0.06), 0.55 mm (0.07), and 0.53 mm (0.08) occurred, respectively (no significant change after 1 year). At 5 years, average plaque levels were 13.3%; 69% of the implants were plaque free. On average, mucosal bleeding occurred at 8.1% of the implants. During 5 years, two subjects experienced uncomplicated bridge loosening. No other complications occurred during the study. Conclusion Four‐millimeter implants can support FDPs in severely resorbed posterior mandibles for 5 years with healthy peri‐implant conditions.