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Retentive Strength of Two‐Piece CAD / CAM Zirconia Implant Abutments
Author(s) -
Gehrke Peter,
Alius Jochen,
Fischer Carsten,
Erdelt Kurt J.,
Beuer Florian
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
clinical implant dentistry and related research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.338
H-Index - 85
eISSN - 1708-8208
pISSN - 1523-0899
DOI - 10.1111/cid.12060
Subject(s) - universal testing machine , cubic zirconia , materials science , abutment , implant , dentistry , adhesive , titanium , dental abutments , composite material , ceramic , ultimate tensile strength , structural engineering , engineering , medicine , surgery , layer (electronics) , metallurgy
Purpose The purpose of this study is to evaluate the retention of two‐piece computer‐aided design ( CAD) /computer aided manufacturing ( CAM ) zirconia abutments after artificial aging under simulated oral conditions using three different types of resin‐based luting agents. Material and Methods Twenty‐one CAD / CAM ‐generated zirconia copings ( CERCON C ompartis, D egudent, Hanau, G ermany) were bonded to a prefabricated secondary titanium implant insert ( XiVE T i‐ B ase, D entsply F riadent, M annheim, G ermany), using three different types of resin‐based luting agents: group A: P anavia 21 ( K uraray C o, K urashiki, J apan); group B : M ultilink I mplant ( I voclar V ivadent, S chaan, L iechtenstein); and group C : S mart C em2 ( D entsply D e T rey, K onstanz, G ermany). The bonding surfaces of the titanium inserts and the zirconia ceramic copings were air‐abraded and cleaned in alcohol. All specimens were stored in distilled water for 60 days and subsequently thermal‐cycled 15,000 times (5–55°C). The dislodging force of the copings along the long axis of the implant/abutment complex was recorded using a universal testing machine with 2 mm/min crosshead speed. Data were analyzed descriptively and by performing the Kruskal–Wallis test. Results The mean retention values were 924.93 ± 363.31 N for P anavia 21, 878.05 ± 208.33 N for M ultilink I mplant, and 650.77 ± 174.92 N for S mart C em2. The K ruskal– W allis test indicated no significant difference between the retention values of the tested luting agents ( p = 0.1314). The failure modes of all tested two‐piece abutments were completely adhesive, leaving the detached zirconia coping and titanium insert undamaged. Conclusion The use of resin‐based luting agents in combination with air abrasion of titanium inserts and zirconia copings led to a stable retention of two‐piece CAD / CAM abutments. The bonding stability of the investigated luting agents exceeded the general limits of fracture resistance of two‐piece zirconia abutments. A notable difference between the mean retention values of the tested bond materials was shown. However, the statistical analysis revealed that this difference was not significant.