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In Vivo and In Vitro Studies of Epithelial Cell Behavior around Titanium Implants with Machined and Rough Surfaces
Author(s) -
Atsuta Ikiru,
Ayukawa Yasunori,
Furuhashi Akihiro,
Ogino Yoichiro,
Moriyama Yasuko,
Tsukiyama Yoshihiro,
Koyano Kiyoshi
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
clinical implant dentistry and related research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.338
H-Index - 85
eISSN - 1708-8208
pISSN - 1523-0899
DOI - 10.1111/cid.12043
Subject(s) - implant , epithelium , in vivo , wound healing , molar , dentistry , dental implant , adhesion , titanium , junctional epithelium , materials science , osseointegration , chemistry , medicine , biology , pathology , surgery , composite material , microbiology and biotechnology , metallurgy
Abstract Background The surface roughness of a dental implant affects the epithelial wound healing process and may significantly enhance implant prognosis. Purpose We explored the influence of surface roughness on peri‐implant epithelium ( PIE ) sealing and down‐growth by comparing machine‐surfaced ( M s) and rough‐surfaced ( R s) implants. Materials and Methods (1) Maxillary first molars were extracted from rats and replaced with M s or R s implants. (2) We also compared changes in the morphology of cultured rat oral epithelial cells ( OECs ) grown on M s or R s titanium ( T i) plates. Results (1) After 4 weeks, the PIE around M s and R s implants showed a similar structure to junctional epithelium ( JE ). At 16 weeks, R s implants appeared to form a weak epithelial seal at the tissue‐implant interface and exhibited markedly less PIE down‐growth than M s implants but was deeper than that observed in natural teeth. (2) We observed less expression of adhesion proteins in OECs cultured on R s plates than in cells grown on M s plates. Additionally, cell adherence, migration, and proliferation on R s plates were lower, whereas apoptosis was reduced on M s plates. Conclusion M s implants are a better choice for integration with an epithelial wound healing process.