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Immediately Loaded Implants with or without Abutments Supporting Fixed Partial Dentures: 1‐Year Results from a Prospective, Randomized, Clinical Trial
Author(s) -
Göthberg Catharina,
André Ulrika,
Gröndahl Kerstin,
Ljungquist Birgit,
Thomsen Peter,
Slotte Christer
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
clinical implant dentistry and related research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.338
H-Index - 85
eISSN - 1708-8208
pISSN - 1523-0899
DOI - 10.1111/cid.12025
Subject(s) - implant stability quotient , dentistry , medicine , implant , resonance frequency analysis , randomized controlled trial , abutment , maxilla , dental abutments , bridge (graph theory) , survival rate , dentures , orthodontics , osseointegration , surgery , civil engineering , engineering
Purpose To evaluate 1‐year implant survival and marginal bone loss around implants that support fixed partial dentures loaded immediately or after 3 months, and effects from abutment usage. Materials and Methods In this 2005 to 2009 randomized, parallel‐group, clinical trial, 50 partially edentulous patients each received three B rånemark TiUnite ™ implants ( N obel B iocare®, G öteborg, S weden), mostly in the posterior maxilla. Two implants were fitted with abutments: a TiUnite ™ surface and a machine‐milled surface; the suprastructure was attached directly at implant level for the third implant. After randomized allocation, implants were immediately loaded with a fixed temporary bridge (test group) or left unloaded for 3 months (control group). A permanent fixed suprastructure replaced the temporary bridge after 6 months (test). Hard and soft tissues were examined during pretreatment and surgery plus 2 days, 14 days, 4 weeks, 3 months, and 1 year after surgery. Results After 1 year, four implants were lost in the test and two in the control groups (1‐year survival rates of 94.9% [test] and 97.2% [control], with no significant intergroup difference). Resonance frequency analysis values indicated a similar pattern in both groups, with implant stability quotient ( ISQ ) reduction between 2 and 4 weeks. The test group had a significantly lower ISQ than the control group at these appointments. After 1 year, marginal bone losses around the implants were, on average, 1.32 mm (test, standard error of the mean [ SEM ] 0.08) and 1.24 mm (control, SEM 0.08), with no significant intergroup difference. Significantly larger marginal bone loss was observed at implants without abutment compared with implants with abutment. Conclusions For both groups, this study showed similar implant survival rates and marginal bone loss. Larger bone loss was found at implants loaded without attached abutments.