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Keratitis antimicrobial resistance surveillance program, Sydney, Australia: 2016 Annual Report
Author(s) -
Watson Stephanie,
CabreraAguas Maria,
Khoo Pauline,
Pratama Ryanbi,
Gatus Barrie J,
Gulholm Trine,
ElNasser Jasmin,
Lahra Monica M
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
clinical and experimental ophthalmology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.3
H-Index - 74
eISSN - 1442-9071
pISSN - 1442-6404
DOI - 10.1111/ceo.13364
Subject(s) - medicine , cefalotin , microbiology and biotechnology , ciprofloxacin , antibiotic resistance , gentamicin , staphylococcus aureus , empiric therapy , antimicrobial , drug resistance , staphylococcus , pseudomonas aeruginosa , antibiotics , bacteria , biology , genetics
Importance Antimicrobial resistance data from bacterial keratitis in Australia are lacking. Background Antimicrobial resistance is a global health threat. Bacterial keratitis is an ophthalmic emergency requiring immediate and effective treatment. Design Retrospective cohort study of bacterial isolates and antibiotic susceptibility profiles at a quaternary hospital in Sydney, Australia. Participants Two hundred and twenty‐four corneal scrapes from patients from January 1 to December 31, 2016. Methods Matrix assisted laser desorption ionization‐time of flight (MALDI‐TOF) mass spectrometry identified bacteria. The Calibrated Dichotomous Sensitivity (CDS) method determined antibiotic susceptibilities. Main Outcome Measures Isolated organisms and antibiotic susceptibilities. Results One hundred and sixty‐eight scrapes of 224 (75%) were culture positive. One hundred and thirty‐one patients had a single organism isolated and 21 had mixed bacterial growth. Of the 157 organisms isolated, 131 (83%) were Gram‐positive and 27 (17%) Gram‐negative. Of the Gram‐positive organisms, 75 (57%) were coagulase‐negative Staphylococci (CoNS), 15 (11%) Staphylococcus aureus (including one methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus [MRSA]) and 8 (6%) Corynebacterium spp. Of the Gram‐negative organisms, 15 (58%) were Pseudomonas aeruginosa . With methicillin‐sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) resistance to chloramphenicol was 21%, ciprofloxacin 7% and gentamicin 7%. With CoNS resistance to cefalotin was 9%, gentamicin 9% and ciprofloxacin 9%. With Corynebacterium spp. resistance was 40% to cefalotin, chloramphenicol 25% and ciprofloxacin 14%. Conclusions and Relevance Staphyloccocus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. were the most common microorganisms isolated. There was low resistance to cefalotin and ciprofloxacin for these isolates. More than 90% of these would be covered by current therapeutic recommendations for empiric therapy in Australia.