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Role of diet and food intake in age‐related macular degeneration: a systematic review
Author(s) -
Chapman Naoko A,
Jacobs Robert J,
Braakhuis Andrea J
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
clinical and experimental ophthalmology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.3
H-Index - 74
eISSN - 1442-9071
pISSN - 1442-6404
DOI - 10.1111/ceo.13343
Subject(s) - medicine , macular degeneration , mediterranean diet , red meat , food science , carotenoid , food group , environmental health , physiology , ophthalmology , biology , pathology
A systematic literature review was conducted to evaluate the role of diet and food intake in age‐related macular degeneration (AMD). Eighteen high‐quality studies were identified. Adherence to a Mediterranean diet had decreased risk of AMD progression. An Oriental diet pattern had decreased association with AMD prevalence, whereas a Western diet pattern had increased association with AMD prevalence. High consumption of vegetables rich in carotenoids and fatty fish containing omega‐3 fatty acids was beneficial for those at risk of AMD. Vegetable oils and animal fats containing omega‐6 fatty acids, and red/processed meat should be consumed minimally to reduce the risk of AMD progression. High glycaemic index diets and alcohol consumption of greater than two drinks a day had increased association with AMD. As the quality of diet and food intake had a vital role in AMD, the provision of appropriate nutritional advice to those at risk of AMD is recommended.