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Asymmetrical manifestation of faciobrachial dystonic seizures in leucine‐rich, glioma‐inactivated 1 antibody encephalitis: A case report
Author(s) -
Harada Shizuka,
Inatomi Yuichiro,
Nakajima Makoto,
Nakane Shunya,
Matsubara Soichiro,
Takamatsu Kotaro,
Yonehara Toshiro
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
clinical and experimental neuroimmunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.297
H-Index - 15
ISSN - 1759-1961
DOI - 10.1111/cen3.12621
Subject(s) - encephalitis , limbic encephalitis , autoimmune encephalitis , epilepsy , cerebrospinal fluid , medicine , glioma , temporal lobe , psychology , antibody , pathology , immunology , psychiatry , cancer research , virus
Background Leucine‐rich, glioma‐inactivated (LGI1) antibody encephalitis is a rare autoimmune encephalitis characterized by faciobrachial dystonic seizures (FBDS), temporal lobe epilepsy, prominent short‐term memory deficits and altered mental status. FBDS are very brief, frequent stereotypical dystonic seizures of the ipsilateral face, arms and legs. FBDS are often initially unilateral and evolve bilaterally or asynchronously. Case presentation A 49‐year‐old woman developed frequent FBDS of her right side. Fluid attenuated inversion recovery imaging showed hyperintense lesions in the right striatum. She was treated with only anti‐epileptic agents. FBDS emerged on her left side soon after cessation of FBDS on her right side. LGI1 antibody was positive in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid. Steroid therapy was added on day 157, and thereafter, FBDS subsided completely, although cognitive impairment remained. Conclusions A case of LGI1 antibody encephalitis with asymmetrical manifestation of FBDS after resolution of the first unilateral symptoms was described. This case suggests that LGI1 antibody encephalitis can affect each side of the brain asymmetrically and asynchronously.