Premium
Gut microbiota‐dependent CCR 9 + CD 4 + T cells are reduced and altered to an inflammatory phenotype in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis
Author(s) -
Kadowaki Atsushi
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
clinical and experimental neuroimmunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.297
H-Index - 15
ISSN - 1759-1961
DOI - 10.1111/cen3.12546
Subject(s) - multiple sclerosis , phenotype , immune system , gut flora , immunology , inflammation , biology , genetics , gene
The risk factors and peripheral immunological changes associated with multiple sclerosis progression to the secondary progressive phase are largely unknown. The present article shows that CCR 9 + CD 4 + T cells, of which frequencies are altered by the gut microbiota and aging, are reduced and their immune regulatory function is altered in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis.