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Role of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration of the central nervous system
Author(s) -
Takahashi Kazuya
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
clinical and experimental neuroimmunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.297
H-Index - 15
ISSN - 1759-1961
DOI - 10.1111/cen3.12479
Subject(s) - microglia , neuroinflammation , neurodegeneration , amyotrophic lateral sclerosis , neuroscience , trem2 , innate immune system , frontotemporal dementia , myeloid , receptor , disease , biology , medicine , dementia , immunology , immune system , inflammation , pathology , genetics
Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 ( TREM 2) is a member of the TREM family of innate immune receptors. It is expressed on the cell membrane of myeloid lineage cells including osteoclasts and microglia. Since it was reported that rare TREM 2 variants, such as R47H and R62H, increase the risk of late‐onset Alzheimer's disease, it has been pointed out that many TREM 2 variants relate to other neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson's disease and frontotemporal dementia. Although there are still conflicting reports as to whether TREM 2 promotes or suppresses neurodegenerative or neuroinflammatory diseases, TREM 2 has recently been considered to play a key role in the concept of disease‐associated microglia. In disease‐associated microglia induction, TREM 2 might have a role as a microglia‐specific checkpoint.