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Inflammation in central nervous system diseases
Author(s) -
Shichita Takashi,
Yoshimura Akihiko
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
clinical and experimental neuroimmunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.297
H-Index - 15
ISSN - 1759-1961
DOI - 10.1111/cen3.12290
Subject(s) - neuroinflammation , inflammation , pathogenesis , central nervous system , neuroscience , inflammasome , immune system , microglia , nervous system , innate immune system , endogeny , immunology , biology , medicine , endocrinology
Inflammation is implicated in the pathogenesis of various central nervous system diseases. The brain is a sterile organ; therefore, inflammation is triggered by endogenous molecules. Pattern recognition receptors recognize specific endogenous molecules, and activate resident glial cells and peripheral immune cells. Inflammasome complex formation is also important for neuroinflammation in brain tissue injury, epilepsy and neurodegenerative diseases. Although inflammation exaggerates the pathology and neurological deficits in neurological disorders, triggering the pro‐resolution process and neuronal repair is a beneficial side of inflammation. We introduce recent accumulating evidence about the relationship between neuroinflammation by innate immunity and the process of pathogenesis in central nervous system diseases.