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Blood–neural barrier: Overview and latest progress
Author(s) -
Sano Yasuteru,
Kanda Takashi
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
clinical and experimental neuroimmunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.297
H-Index - 15
ISSN - 1759-1961
DOI - 10.1111/cen3.12021
Subject(s) - choroid plexus , blood–brain barrier , paracellular transport , tight junction , cerebrospinal fluid , central nervous system , neuroscience , biology , chemistry , microbiology and biotechnology , membrane , biochemistry , permeability (electromagnetism)
The central and peripheral nervous systems are tightly sealed from the blood by the blood–brain barrier, the blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier, the blood–spinal cord barrier and the blood–nerve barrier ( BNB ). These neural barriers inhibit free paracellular diffusion of water soluble molecules through complex tight junctions that interconnect endothelial cells and choroid plexus epithelial cells. These barriers also play a role in the influx transport of essential molecules and the efflux transport of xenobiotics. The differences and commonalities between these barrier systems have been gradually elucidated in recent years. It is now clear that disruption of the blood–neural barrier plays a key role in a number of diseases affecting the central and peripheral nervous systems. In the present review, we describe the current knowledge regarding the cellular and molecular basis of the functional blood–neural tissue barrier, while addressing the BNB in particular detail.