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Effects of acidic phospholipids on antiganglioside antibodies in G uillain– B arré syndrome: Role of the disialosyl residue
Author(s) -
Yamada Minako H.,
Ueda Masami,
Tsuji Shoji,
Kusunoki Susumu
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
clinical and experimental neuroimmunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.297
H-Index - 15
ISSN - 1759-1961
DOI - 10.1111/cen3.12002
Subject(s) - antibody , phosphatidic acid , ganglioside , phospholipid , antigen , chemistry , epitope , immunoglobulin g , biochemistry , biology , immunology , membrane
Objectives The activities of anti‐ GM 1 immunoglobulin G ( I g G ) antibodies in G uillain– B arré syndrome ( GBS ) are increased when a mixture of acidic phospholipids, such as phosphatidic acid ( PA ) and the ganglioside GM 1, is used as an antigen in an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA ). In contrast, no obvious enhancing effect is seen on the activities of anti‐ GQ 1b antibodies in F isher syndrome. The cause of these different results remains to be determined. We investigated whether it is caused by the difference in the pathogens of the preceding infections or by that in the physicochemical properties of GM 1 and GQ 1b. Methods The effects of the phospholipid on the antibody activities in ELISA were compared between the cases preceded by respiratory infections and those by gastrointestinal infections. We examined the effects of the phospholipids on anti‐ GD 1b I g G antibodies and compared the effects on GD 1b‐specific antibodies and those on G al‐ G al NA c epitope‐specific antibodies. Results The effects of the phospholipids on the average of the antibody activities, either anti‐ GM 1 or anti‐ GQ 1b antibody, did not differ between patients with antecedent gastrointestinal infections and those with respiratory infections. The anti‐ GD 1b I g G activity in GBS patients with anti‐ G al‐ G al NA c specificity increased when a mixture of GD 1b and a phospholipid, such as PA , was an antigen; whereas the activity of monospecific anti‐ GD 1b I g G did not increase. Conclusions The enhancing effect of such a phospholipid as PA appears not to be a result of the presence of a particular phospholipid within the pathogen for the antecedent infection. It might depend on the presence of a negatively charged disialosyl residue in the ganglioside antigen.