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Compensated hypogonadism in men with sickle cell disease
Author(s) -
Ribeiro Anna Paloma M. R.,
Silva Caroline S.,
Zambrano Jean Carlos C.,
Miranda Juliana de Oliveira Freitas,
Molina Carlos Augusto F.,
Gomes Cristiano M.,
Miranda Eduardo de Paula,
Bessa José
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
clinical endocrinology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.055
H-Index - 147
eISSN - 1365-2265
pISSN - 0300-0664
DOI - 10.1111/cen.14428
Subject(s) - medicine , testosterone (patch) , luteinizing hormone , anthropometry , endocrinology , population , morning , etiology , follicle stimulating hormone , hypergonadotropic hypogonadism , hormone , environmental health
Objective To evaluate the prevalence of hypogonadism in a population of men with SCD and characterize its aetiology. Sickle cell disease (SCD) is associated with the development of hypogonadism, but there is still controversy regarding its aetiology and clinical implications. Methods We performed a cross‐sectional study of 34 men with SCD aged > 18 years. Sociodemographic and clinical data, including anthropometric measurements (weight, height and BMI), were obtained. Early morning, blood samples were collected and total testosterone (TT), free testosterone (FT), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), a complete blood count and haemoglobin electrophoresis were measured. Eugonadism was defined as T ≥300 ng/dL and LH ≤9.4 mUI/mL; primary hypogonadism as T < 300 ng/dL and LH > 9.4 mUI/mL; secondary hypogonadism as T < 300 ng/dL and LH ≤ 9.4 mUI/mL; and compensated hypogonadism as T ≥ 300 ng/dL and LH > 9.4 mUI/mL. Results Median age was 33 (26‐41) years, and SS genotype was the most frequent (73.5%). The prevalence of eugonadism, compensated hypogonadism and secondary hypogonadism was 67.5%, 26.4% and 5.88%, respectively. No men with primary hypogonadism were identified in our sample. Those with compensated hypogonadism had also higher FSH levels (>7.8 mUI/mL, P < .0001). Conclusion In our study population of men with SCD, a high prevalence of compensated hypogonadism was identified, which is a controversial and distinct clinical entity that warrants monitoring and further research.