Premium
Double trouble: Co‐occurrence of testosterone deficiency and body fatness associated with all‐cause mortality in US men
Author(s) -
Lopez D.S.,
Qiu X.,
Advani S.,
Tsilidis K.K.,
Khera M.,
Kim J.,
Morgentaler A.,
Wang R.,
Canfield S.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
clinical endocrinology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.055
H-Index - 147
eISSN - 1365-2265
pISSN - 0300-0664
DOI - 10.1111/cen.13501
Subject(s) - abdominal obesity , medicine , hazard ratio , obesity , waist , body mass index , testosterone (patch) , endocrinology , cohort study , cohort , confidence interval
Summary Background Testosterone deficiency ( TD , total testosterone ≤350 ng/dL [12.15 nmol L −1 ]) and obesity epidemic are growing in parallel in the United States. Yet, the sequelae of TD and obesity on the risk of mortality remain unclear. Objective To investigate whether the co‐occurrence of TD and overall obesity (body mass index ≥30 kg/m 2 ), and abdominal obesity (waist circumference ≥102 cm), is associated with a risk of all‐cause mortality in American men. Design The data were obtained from the NHANES 1999‐2004 and the Linked Mortality File (December 31, 2011). A total of 948 participants aged ≥20 years old with endogenous sex hormones and adiposity measurements data were included in this study. Results Over a median of 9.5 years of follow‐up, 142 men died of any cause in this cohort. Multivariable analysis showed a 2.60 fold increased risk of death among men with TD compared with men without TD (Hazard Ratio [ HR ] = 2.60; 95% confidence interval [ CI ] = 1.20‐5.80). No evidence for interaction between TD and overall or abdominal obesity with risk of death ( P interaction ≥ .80). However, only after comparing men with TD and abdominal obesity with men without TD and no abdominal obesity, we found a 3.30 fold increased risk of death ( HR = 3.30, 95% CI = 1.21‐8.71). Conclusion Men with co‐occurrence of TD and abdominal obesity have a higher risk of mortality. The effect of co‐occurrence of TD and abdominal obesity should be further explored with a larger and longer follow‐up time study.